The dog that experiences a recovery by a citizen is generally off the property of its owner or guardian. The dog has been discovered by a citizen who makes the decision to recover the animal for safety and return or other less altruistic reasons. It is important to note that any dog off it's owner's property, (yard, home or vehicle), is considered stray.
When a dog in this situation is found by a citizen, it is legally considered to be a citizen rescue of a stray dog as opposed to a stolen dog. Stolen dogs are removed forcibly from their owner's property. It is important to remember this distinction as you pursue your search.